Surgical Treatment of Hand Syndactyly: Experience of the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department in Marrakech

Abstract: Introduction: Syndactyly is a congenital or acquired malformation characterized by partial or complete fusion of the fingers, affecting hand function and aesthetics. Its treatment is based on surgical management aimed at restoring digital anatomy and preventing functional and aesthetic complications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of our surgical approach combining zigzag release, omega flaps, and full-thickness skin grafts (FTSG), by analyzing functional and aesthetic results as well as observed complications. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on 21 patients operated on for syndactyly at the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Marrakech over a one-year period. Data collected included epidemiological characteristics, surgical techniques used, postoperative complications, and patient satisfaction. Results: The mean age of patients was 30 months (range: 8 months–43 years), with a sex ratio of 1.71. Syndactyly was bilateral in 6 cases (28.6%) and unilateral in 15 cases (71.4%). The third web space was the most commonly affected (52%). Most cases were simple forms (15 cases, 71.4%) versus 6 complex cases (28.6%). Full-thickness skin grafts were used in 57% of the cases. Postoperative complications included one infection (4.8%) and two recurrences (10%). Overall satisfaction score was 8.2/10. Conclusion: Zigzag release combined with omega flaps provides effective correction of syndactyly with satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes. Appropriate surgical planning and rigorous postoperative management are essential to minimize the risk of recurrence.